Swiss Turning vs. CNC Turning: What’s the Difference and When to Use Each?

Ralph RhysonFebruary 23, 20240 comments

When it comes to precision manufacturing, choosing the right machining method isn’t just about equipment — it’s about efficiency, quality, and part performance. Two commonly used processes at Sterling Industries are Swiss Turning and CNC Turning, each with unique strengths and applications.

In this post, we break down the key differences between the two and help you understand which is right for your component needs.

🔧 What Is CNC Turning?

CNC Turning (also called lathe turning) is a machining process in which the workpiece rotates while a cutting tool removes material to shape the part. It’s ideal for producing cylindrical components with precise diameters, bores, threads, and grooves.

🔹 CNC Turning at Sterling:

  • Max Turning Diameter: 800 mm
  • 24 Total Lathes (6 with live tooling)
  • Supports bar, billet, and casting workflows
  • Ideal for medium to large parts
  • Tight tolerances to ±0.0005″

Typical CNC-Turned Components:

  • Drivetrain hubs
  • Powertrain couplers
  • Pulleys and adapter rings
  • Transmission shafts
  • Flywheel and housing interfaces

⚙️ What Is Swiss Turning?

Swiss Turning, or Swiss-type machining, uses a sliding headstock to move the workpiece longitudinally while the cutting tool remains stationary. It allows for extremely precise and fast machining of small-diameter parts — especially those with a high length-to-diameter ratio.

🔹 Swiss Turning at Sterling:

  • 5 Citizen Cincom Machines:
    • L12 (Max Ø12 mm)
    • L32 ×3, M32 (Max Ø32 mm)
  • Twin spindle, rotary tooling, Y-axis milling
  • High-speed, low-deflection machining
  • Ideal for small, complex, tight-tolerance parts

Typical Swiss-Turned Components:

  • Fuel system fittings
  • Hydraulic valve pins
  • Threaded shafts
  • Precision bushings and spacers
  • Brake line adapters
  • Medical or instrumentation fasteners

⚖️ Key Differences: Swiss Turning vs. CNC Turning

FeatureSwiss TurningCNC Turning
Part SizeSmall (Ø32 mm max)Small to Large (Ø800 mm max)
Length-to-DiameterExcellent for 3:1+ ratiosIdeal for shorter, thicker parts
Tolerance ControlSuperior for micro-featuresTight for large parts
Cycle SpeedFast for small partsEfficient for moderate/large parts
Part ComplexityHigh — many features in one setupModerate to complex with live tooling
Best UseFuel, valve, aerospace, medtechPowertrain, housings, adapters

🧪 When to Choose Each

✅ Choose Swiss Turning if:

  • Your part is long and thin, or has many micro-features
  • You need high-volume production of small, complex components
  • You’re working with tight bore, groove, or thread specs
  • You’re sourcing fuel system or brake system fittings

✅ Choose CNC Turning if:

  • Your part is medium to large in size
  • You require strong structural components like housings or adapters
  • You need live tooling for side features or cross-holes
  • You work with cast or billet material requiring high material removal

🏁 Final Thoughts

Choosing the right machining process can make a critical difference in cost, quality, and lead time. At Sterling Industries, we offer both Swiss and CNC turning under one roof — supported by engineering, prototyping, and inspection capabilities that ensure your parts meet spec, every time.

Whether you’re manufacturing precision fuel system fittings or large powertrain components, we’ll help you select the best process for your design, volume, and performance needs.

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Travis Watson

Travis Watson is a results-driven business executive with a strong background in strategic growth, operational excellence, and servant leadership. He has led engineering and manufacturing teams across industries such as aerospace, clean energy, and high-performance vehicles, delivering significant improvements in performance, sales, and quality systems. With experience in roles ranging from Account Manager, Plant Manager to Director of Sales and Operations, Travis has overseen ERP implementations, contract negotiations, and cross-functional team development. His leadership has consistently driven efficiency, employee engagement, and profitability. Travis holds dual Bachelor of Science degrees in Marketing and Distribution Management from Indiana University’s Kelley School of Business. He is a Six Sigma Green Belt, CAPM certified, and holds a CPIM designation. Known for developing people and driving strategic execution, he has been a key contributor to multiple high-performing teams.

Joe Johnson

Joe is a highly accomplished engineering and business leader with decades of experience in mechanical engineering, manufacturing, aerospace, and business development. His career began at Delta Faucet Co., where he honed his skills before moving on to Cummins Engine Co. as a Fuel Systems Product Engineer. He further advanced his expertise as an afterburner specialist for Pratt & Whitney Aircraft.

As a seasoned entrepreneur, Joe co-founded ReGin Manufacturing, successfully growing the company into a $10 million enterprise before its acquisition. He later served as the Engineering Manager at Advance Aero Inc..

Recently, Joe transitioned from his role as Director of Operations at Paramount Industrial and Sterling Industries to become the Director of Business Development and Engineering. In this role he is focused on supporting strategic growth and leveraging his extensive background to drive innovation and success in the industry.

Joe Hetzer

Joe Hetzer brings over three decades of extensive experience in the manufacturing sector, with a specialized focus on the aerospace and automotive industries. Throughout his career, Joe has demonstrated a profound commitment to engineering and manufacturing excellence, making significant contributions to various projects and initiatives.

As a team builder, Joe employs a servant leadership approach, fostering an environment where collaboration and growth are paramount. His ability to inspire and empower teams has made him a respected leader in his field, driving innovation and operational improvements.
A recognized change agent, Joe is dedicated to maximizing productivity and efficiency within organizations. His strategic mindset and hands-on experience enable him to implement effective processes that not only enhance performance but also promote sustainability in manufacturing practices.

With a passion for developing talent and a keen eye for industry trends, Joe Hetzer continues to make a meaningful impact in the manufacturing landscape, ensuring that teams are well-equipped to meet the challenges of today and tomorrow.

Peter C. Ariens

Peter C. Ariens is the Chief Executive Officer of NuMA Group, Inc., a private holding company engaged in the automotive, aerospace, defense, recreational, and heavy-duty industries. Under his leadership, NuMA encompasses several companies that manufacture and distribute critical components for some of the world's largest enterprises, with four manufacturing facilities located in Indiana.Before his role at NuMA Group, Peter served as President of Stens Corporation for 18 years, where he led the international parts manufacturing and distribution company until its acquisition by private equity in 2016.In addition to his executive role at NuMA, Peter actively contributes to various for-profit and non-profit boards, including:Two Ladders, Tell City, Indiana
South Central Inc., Evansville, Indiana
Toolsey, Inc., Indianapolis
He is also a member of professional organizations such as Vistage International and the Alliance of Indiana, affiliated with the IU Kelley School of Business. Previously, Peter held the position of Treasurer on the Trieste board.
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Shelia Rossmann

Shelia Rossmann is the Owner and President of Sterling Industries, Inc. and Paramount Industrial, Inc., where she has established herself as an accomplished and results-oriented businesswoman in the manufacturing sector. As a Senior Manufacturing Executive, Shelia leads her woman-owned businesses with a commitment to excellence and innovation.
Her remarkable achievements in the industry were recognized when she won the prestigious Entrepreneur of the Year award in 2013 for Manufacturing in Michigan and North West Ohio, presented by Ernst & Young. This accolade highlights her dedication to driving growth and operational success in her companies, making significant contributions to the manufacturing landscape.
Shelia’s leadership continues to inspire others in the industry, showcasing the impact of women in business and the importance of resilience and strategic vision in achieving success.

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